Pubdate: Mon, 04 Oct 1999 Date: 10/04/1999 Source: Ogdensburg Advance News (NY) Author: Gene Tinelli Note: Accepts LTEs by mail only! Must be signed w/phone# To the editor: As an addiction psychiatrist, I find it necessary to respond to a number of points in your drug policy editorial, "Who Is Dangerous?" (The Journal, Sept. 23). The editorial chides St.Lawrene County Legislator Peter FitzRandolph for questioning whether recently arrested drug dealers are truly dangerous. You state drugs given under a doctor's supervision, used in the wrong way, in the wrong amounts. can be dangerous. The actual data is even more frightnening. Over 100,000 people per year die from accurately prescribed medications, taken as prescribed in known amounts, under the supervision of a physician. Compare that to 6,000-10,000 deaths per year caused by all illicit drugs, drugs that have little to no quality control and are taken in an unsupervised manner in unknown amounts. The only logical conclusion is that all drugs, prescription medications included, are potentially dangerous. Your editorial also states that drug dealers are dangerous because they are associated with crime and violence, never considering the separate effects of drug use vs. the drug business and its huge, untaxed profits due to drug prohibition. The only drug whose use is statistically associated with violence is alcohol. While it does not increase the frequency of violence, it is strongly associated with the intensity of violence once violence is an acceptable form of communication. Cocaine use can cause violence in individual cases but when statistically averaged, it is neutral as it can cause either fight or flight and its paranoia is balanced by its ability to cause euphoria. The drugs associated with a decrease in violence and aggression with use are marijuana and opiates like heroin. Interestingly, in a society allegedly concerned about drugs and violence, alcohol is legal and marijuana and heroin are not. There is no question that violence is associated with the illegal drug trade, mainly due to the lack of regulations and the huge illegal profits. This has nothing to do with drug use and everything to do with drug prohibition. For example, during alcohol prohibition, Al Capone did not kill people because he was a drunk. As for the crime committed by addicts to fund their habits, the high price of illegal drugs caused by drug prohibition fuels burglaries and thefts. For example, a severe heroin habit can cost $200-$400 per day yet the actual cost of daily clean needles and pure heroin is $3-$7 per day. In Switzerland, the government now supplies heroin and injection equiptment to their citizens with a severe heroin addiction. The results of this program are less crime, less other drug use (such as cocaine) and increased health and social functioning of the addicts. The Swiss also have calculated this saves their taxpayers money. In the U.S., we incarcerate heroin addicts at a cost of $500,000 per person (cost of arrest, conviction and five years imprisonment). Your edtorial also mentions teens and drug use. Our current "just say no" drug education policies write off the group most at risk for drug harms, those teens that choose to use drugs. Instead of preaching at them, we should be encouraging them to at least delay drug use and if they choose to use drugs, we should be teaching them the difference between high risk and low risk drug use. Who is dangerous? As someone who works in the trenches of the drug war, treating its casualties and paying for its collateral damages, I know who is dangerous. It is those who continue to promote our current drug policies, policies that produce crime, corruption of our law enforcement personnel, an underground economy, increased disease, loss of civil liberties, an increasing number of incarcerated citizens, and a disrespect for government due to the hypocrisy of our drug policy. We need to end the drug war now. GENE TINELLI Addiction Psychiatrist